Superconductivity is a phenomenon observed in certain metals and ceramic materials that, when cooled to very low temperatures, have no electrical resistance. It has the potential for bringing a more fundamental change to electric power technologies than has occurred since electricity use became widespread nearly a century ago.

The fiber optic "information superhighway" was constructed by replacing copper wires with a higher-capacity alternative. Superconductivity provides a comparable "energy superhighway" by replacing copper wires with a ceramic superconducting alternative that has higher capacity while eliminating resistive losses.

High-temperature superconductivity (HTS) power equipment has the potential to become a key twenty-first century technology for improving the capacity, efficiency, and reliability of the electric system. For example, higher capacity HTS power lines could provide transmission and distribution systems with smaller footprints that allow additional capacity to be placed in service along existing rights-of-way.

In order for the benefits of HTS to be realized, there are three areas of research and development underway:

1. Improving the performance of HTS wire while reducing manufacturing costs;
2. Conducting fundamental studies necessary to support wire and systems development; and
3. Demonstrating the applicability and the potential benefits of superconductivity in electric power systems.

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HTS -vs- Conventional Technology Comparison